I am interested to find out how many products can be made from a barrel of crude oil, we all know that a barrel consists of 200 metric litrs, but after refining, what is the yield, what do they get out? I ask this because I am told that out of each liter, more than one liter of products is derived.What and how many products can a refinery get from 1 liter of crude oil?
A typical barrel of crude oil, once refined would generally yield the following products:
1. LPG (liquefied petroluem gas)
2. Naphtha (which can be further processed into gasoline)
3. Kerosene /Jet Fuel
4. Gas Oil (Diesel)
5. Residue/Bottoms (Fuel Oil)
The yield from a barrel (or liter) of crude would actually vary depending on what type of crude you are refining. Crude oils from the Middle East yield a different ';slate'; of products when compared to those obtained from the North Sea or US Gulf Coast. Also, the yield is affected by the type of refinery that processes the crude oil. Some refineries may further process the Residue to obtain more Naphtha (gasoline) or Gas Oils (diesel).
However, it is not uncommon for a liter of crude to yield more than a liter of products since numerous refining processes result in product expansion (although some processes actually result in contraction). In general, converting residue/bottoms into other products (the process is called conversion or cracking) results in expansion.
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